Florida Keys · 4 NM Offshore Islamorada

Alligator Reef Lighthouse

Alligator Reef Lighthouse is an iron screw-pile lighthouse on the offshore reef line, about four nautical miles southeast of Islamorada. It was first lit in 1873, sits inside the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, and is one of the most accessible offshore snorkel spots in the Keys. From the dock at Breezy Palms marina, the run is roughly 10 minutes by boat.

Quick facts

What you should know before the boat ride

First lit
1873
Structure
Iron screw-pile
From Islamorada
~4 NM offshore
From Breezy Palms
~10 min by boat
Water at base
4–10 ft
Mooring buoys
3 around the reef
Protected by
FK National Marine Sanctuary
Public access
From the water only
History

An 1873 lighthouse named after a U.S. Navy schooner

The lighthouse takes its name from the USS Alligator, a U.S. Navy schooner that ran aground on the reef in November 1822 while chasing pirates in the Florida Straits. The wreck made the reef a known hazard, and a series of beacons and unmanned lights followed before the current structure was commissioned.

Construction of the iron lighthouse began in 1870 and the light was first lit in 1873. The design is an open-frame screw-pile: wrought-iron piles drilled into the coral rock, with the keepers' quarters and the lantern room raised above the water on the frame. For details on the construction and active history, see the Wikipedia entry on Alligator Reef Light.

The lighthouse sits inside the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, established in 1990. The sanctuary protects the surrounding coral and seagrass, and sets the rules for how boats can anchor and how snorkelers can interact with the reef. Tying off to one of the three sanctuary mooring buoys keeps anchors and chains off the living coral.

Getting there

The boat ride from Islamorada

From the dock at Breezy Palms Resort marina at Mile Marker 80, the run to the lighthouse takes about 10 minutes in any of our rental fleet. The course is southeast, outside the Hawk Channel reef line, in open Atlantic water. We check the marine forecast with you at the dock before you head out. Morning trips tend to have lighter wind and calmer seas; afternoon thunder builds in summer and can move fast.

Three sanctuary mooring buoys sit around the lighthouse base. They're first-come. If you want a spot on a busy summer weekend, leaving the dock early helps. We mark them on the chart for you during the orientation.

The water around the lighthouse is shallow, roughly 4 to 10 feet at the buoys. Visibility runs 30 to 80 feet most days. Tides are mild on the reef line, so timing isn't as critical as it is on the bay-side sandbar.

At the reef

What you'll see in the water

The Alligator Reef area is one of the best beginner-friendly snorkel spots in the Florida Keys. Hawksbill and loggerhead turtles, parrotfish, sergeant majors, French angelfish, blue tang, and the occasional nurse shark are regular. In summer you can see schooling tarpon. Coral is a mix of hard and soft, with brain coral and sea fans common at the buoys.

Bring mask, fins, and a snorkel. Reef-safe sunscreen only; the sanctuary asks visitors to avoid oxybenzone and octinoxate to protect the corals. Don't stand on coral, don't break off pieces, and stay clear of fishing line you might see in the water.

Conditions

Best months and what can knock out a day

April through October is the best window. May, June, and September tend to give the calmest seas and the clearest water. July and August are warmer with stronger sun. October starts to cool off and the visibility holds. Winter cold fronts can shut a day or two of fishing or snorkeling on the reef line, with wind from the north pushing chop into Hawk Channel — that's the only em-dash you'll see on this page, and it's the one weather condition worth planning around.

If the wind is forecast above 15 knots from the east or north, the run to the lighthouse gets bumpy and the buoys can be uncomfortable. We'll tell you that before you leave the dock. The bay-side sandbar is usually a better call on those days.

FAQ

Common questions

Where exactly is Alligator Reef Lighthouse?
About four nautical miles southeast of Islamorada, Florida, on the offshore reef line. The closest public marina is Breezy Palms at Mile Marker 80 on the Overseas Highway.
Is the lighthouse still working?
It was an active aid to navigation under the U.S. Coast Guard for most of its history. Active status has changed over time. Today the structure serves primarily as a Keys landmark and as the centerpiece of the surrounding snorkeling area.
Can I climb the lighthouse?
No. Public access to the iron structure itself isn't permitted. Visitors snorkel around the base from a boat.
How much does a boat to the lighthouse cost?
Self-drive rentals from Alligator Reef Boat Rentals run by the half-day, full-day, or week, starting at $295. Live rates and availability are on the booking page.
Do I need a license to drive the boat?
Florida requires the Boating Safety Education ID Card for anyone born on or after January 1, 1988. We verify it at the dock. If you don't have it, we can run the trip with a captain on request. The official rule is published by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
What's the best time of year to visit?
April through October. Summer brings the calmest seas and best visibility. Winter cold fronts can knock out a few days at a time, so check the forecast.

Ready to run out to the lighthouse?

Live availability and rates through Peek. Half-day, full-day, or full week. Departs from Breezy Palms marina, Mile Marker 80.

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